The majority of people of mainly medium and older people face back pain in the back of the lower back, and both men and women suffer equally.The pain can occur after physical activity, hypothermia, lifting and the severity of transport or due to a long stay in a stationary pose."He entered the back," lumbar pain is characterized in the lower back.
Reasons
It should be noted that the pain of different intensities is mainly experienced by active people, who are not more than 60 years old.This is explained by the constant work of the muscles that support the spine and its natural curves.Since a person is more frequently in vertical position, the muscles hardly rest.
The vulnerability of the lumbar region is due to the presence of its weaknesses: the bird's triangle and the Grunfeld -lesgaft of the quadrangle (rhombus).Corral's bird triangle has a soft muscle layer and is a small gap between the terminal edges of the wide and wide oblique muscle.The Grunfeld -lesgft rhombus does not close the oblique abdominal muscles at the top, it is poorly fortified, therefore, it is subject to the formation of lumbar hernias.
The lumbar muscle is the deepest of the body.It affects flexibility, strength, amplitude of movements and joint mobility, the work of internal organs.It is this muscle responsible for maintaining the vertical position of a person and takes an active part when lifting the legs when walking.
The proper functioning of the lumbar muscle provides support for the entire body upper part and forms a platform for the internal organs of the abdominal cavity.With a frequent reduction due to stress or overwrite, this muscle begins to shorten, which can cause low back pain, compression of nerve endings, deformation of vertebrae and the development of degenerative processes in the joints.Chronic lumbar muscle spasm affects extremely negatively the posture, the depth of breathing and the condition of vital organs.
Back pain like a symptom
The lower back can hurt due to problems with the column or at the bottom of systemic diseases.Several forms of pain syndrome are clinically distinguished: local, projection, reflected, realization (root) and due to muscle spasm.
Local pain syndrome in the lumbar region is constant, its intensity depends on the position of the body.In addition, the pain is reinforced by the movements and palpation of a particular area.With this form of pain, the mobility of the body and the lower extremities can be limited.
The projection pain syndrome is due to the damage to vertebrates and paravertebral structures (periodports).It can be spilled or local and occurs due to the compression of nerve endings, which transmit signals to the corresponding brain area.The sensations of pain spread along the affected nerve and increase with turns and inclinations of the body.During hard work or physical exercises, pulsating pain is observed, whose origin is associated with an axial load in the spine.
Rooser pain syndrome is surprising and pronounced intensity: patients mean it when they say the back was "grabbed."The pain is so sharp that a person cannot straighten and is often forced to remain in the position in which he was overcome by a Roying fire.
In the absence of movements, the pain of realization does not happen and acquires a painful character.However, attempts to move are accompanied by the strongest cramps and acute and ardent bastards.In the vast majority of cases, shoot not only at the bottom of the back, but in the entire leg to the ankle.The distinctive characteristics of root pain are its strengthening when turning to the side, inclinations and lifting straight legs from the position of bedtime.
The reflected pain syndrome indicates the injury of the internal organs.This is due to the fact that the lumbar column and the tissue near the pathological approach are innervated by the same nerve.Since the pain goes from inside the body to the surface of the back, the pain is diffuse, blurred, remains during the movements and does not intensify when pressed.
Lower back pain can be acute and chronic.If this symptom does not bother more than three months, they speak acutely.If the damaged tissues are not restored during this time, it enters the chronic category.
Classification
Lumbar pain is classified according to the mechanism of occurrence and can be nociceptive, neuropathic and psychogen.The type of nociceptive appears with irritation of pain receptors: nociceptors and is due to damage to tissues due to mechanical trauma or local inflammation (stretching, Bruis).
A hernia is one of the consequences of osteochondrosis, it manifests itself by a protuberance of the intervertebral disc between the bodies of the vertebrae.
The neuropathic pains accompany the pinch of the nerve roots of the intervertebral hernia.They are distinguished by irradiation (return) in the lower extremities and combine with numbness and a certain movements restriction.Such pain does not pass on its own and is generally chronic.
A psychogenic type is a rare phenomenon, whose cause can be a traumatic situation or violation of the operation of the nervous system.
This classification is conditional, since most of the time the pain causes the three types to one grade or another.To determine pain, doctors use several terms: Lumbago, Lumbalia and Lumbar Algia.
Lumbago is a sudden pain attack, the beginning of which patients describe as "gap", "push" and compare it with a ray or a blow of electric current.Lumbalgia begins gradually and is characterized by pain pain mainly in the lower part of the lower back, at the end of the spine.
In Lumbalia, the back does not hurt constantly, the pain arises after a long stay in a stationary position or inclination of the body.It is difficult for patients to bend and perform actions as simple as washing, brushing or ironing.They are looking for the most profitable pose to reduce lumbar muscle tension and relieve their condition.
Lumbosiciashyalgia is a pain syndrome, which covers the area of the lower back, buttocks and the back of one or both legs.It intensifies in any movement, including cough or sneezing.
Possible pathologies
Most of the time, the lower back hurts due to muscular surge, especially with too intense training or unusual physical work.In this case, cauldron provocator is the rupture of connection fibers in places of muscle union.
Among the pathologies that cause this symptom, it must be taken into account:
- Intervertebral hernia.The main signs are acute pain that seems unexpectedly, a feeling of rigidity, possessivity in the back, weakness in the lower extremities;
- Column compression fracture.It occurs during injuries, osteoporosis and tumors;
- Horse tail syndrome.This symptom complex is due to the compression of a massive nervous beam located between the first lumbar vertebra and Coccyx.It is manifested by severe pain to the right or left on the back, at the waist level and below.Pain syndrome radiates one or both limbs and inguinal zone.The progress of the disease leads to a violation of the tactile sensitivity and the weakness pronounced in the legs.In the absence of treatment, serious complications develop until disability;
- The acute aortic aneurysm of the abdominal aorta.The pain and heavy on the lower back are often the only sign of this state.Most of the time diagnosed in older people suffering from atherosclerosis and complaining of a penetrating nature of night pain;
- Infectious lesions.Throwing and opaque pain in the lower back of the back cause infections by chronic bacterial skin, urogenital and respiratory systems, deteriorated immune system, taking hormonal medications.In addition to pain, discomfort in abdominal and inguinal areas is felt behind the sternum;
- Neoplasia.The pain bothers both day and night, gradually intensifies.As a general rule, there is a strong weight loss without obvious reasons.Tumors are more frequently diagnosed in people over 50 with cancer diseases of Anamnesis.
With the pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract, the surrounding pain can occur.The sensation that pulls the back is often accompanied by gynecological diseases.Congenital skeletal defects and metabolic disorders can also be the cause of pain at the bottom of the back.
Attention:If the lower back is very sick, and the pain is painful, unbearable, we can assume an exacerbation of the urolitiasis, when the formed stone moves along the urinary tract.
Treatment
The treatment of lowering pain of any origin is one of the most complex medical areas.All modern studies on this subject are said on one thing: acute pains in the back and in the lower extremities must be eliminated as soon as possible.If you do not anesthesia in time and allows the chronicle of pain syndrome, then the prerequisites for the development of psychogenic disorders will be created.In silence about clinical symptoms, they will slow down the therapeutic process and weaken their result.Therefore, in the first place, pain is eliminated independently of its intensity.
To get rid of pain, non -steroid anti -inflammatory agents and analgesics are needed.In severe cases, when a person is very painful to walk and the lower back is very broken, therapeutic blockages are used.
Analgesic drugs are weak, average and powerful.The latter allows you to quickly relieve pain, but it has many side effects.Its use is justified in case of severe damage to intervertebral discs and the compression of nerve endings.
Modern pharmacology offers therapeutic and different components: anti -inflammatory dietary supplements, warming, condoprotectors and vegetables.
If pain is characterized as a weak or moderate doctor, prescribes analgesics.In case of damage to the structures per 1 time, no non -steroid anti -inflammatory drugs are more frequently used with a triple effect.Not only stop pain syndrome, but also suppress inflammation, reduce body temperature.
NSAIDs are used in tablets or injections, as well as in the form of ointments or gels.
The good results are shown by the use of plasters.B Vitamins, which doctors recipe in injections or tablets, help cure low back pain.
Muscle cramps often cause a severe pain syndrome, from which muscle relaxants help well.Severe pain and pulsation caused by inflammation are arrested by hormonal medications.
Therapeutic block
Sometimes, the only remedy to eliminate pain is therapeutic blockade.Through the injection, one of the pathological chain links goes out, as a result of which the impulse of pain does not reach its back, legs and internal organs.The blocks can be used for diagnostic purposes to establish a true cause of pain.
After the injection, the pain takes place in minutes, the procedure itself resembles the capture of a puncture.The indications for their behavior are the following:
- osteochondrosis and its complications: protrusion and discs hernias;
- Myositis;
- neuralgia;
- Spondilartrosis (calcification of vertebral joints).
Attention:The blocks are made only in the sterile hospital conditions.This is due to the fact that the spinal cord is vulnerable to the penetration of several pathogenic microorganisms.When infected with the virus, death is not excluded.
Therapeutic blocks are carried out no more than four times a year, if necessary, a course of 10 injections or more can be prescribed.Among them, a 5-7-day break is needed.The solutions for blocking injection contain several components, the main ones are analgesics.To relieve inflammation, corticosteroids are added to them.The composition for injections can also include vitamins, thrombolitics and enzymes.To normalize the neuropulsor transmission, the ATP is introduced into the solution.
PHYSORALIZATION
What to do after eliminating acute symptoms depends on the type and severity of the disease.Patients can receive massages, exercise and physiotherapy therapy.
With pain in the lumbar region, the most effective:
- Electrophoresis with special drugs;
- wraps with therapeutic mud;
- paraffin and ozokeritic applications;
- treem and pearl baths;
- Ampulsterrapia;
- muscle electrical stimulation;
- acupuncture.
To stabilize the vertebrae and reduce the load in the lower back muscles, doctors recommend the use of orthopedic corsets.They are especially effective in chronic pain caused by damage to vertebrates.The use of applicators allows you to accelerate recovery.
The positive influence of such products is as follows:
- eliminated or remarkably reduced by pain;
- The state of the nervous system is normalized;
- vital tone and increased performance;
- The metabolic processes in the body are accelerated;
- The spashed muscles relax.
Therapeutic exercises can only be done during the remission period, with a minimum or a complete absence of pain.The strong muscle corset is an excellent prevention of most diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
Attention:High -power charges, acute body turns, jumps, races and oscillating legs are prohibited.
Therefore, low back pain is a disadvantage signal in the spine or internal organs.To prevent the chronization of the pathological process and prevent possible complications, it is necessary to consult a specialist.